Criteria for Low-Score Subjective Paranormal Experience
These criteria have been used in Neppe's research in the area of SPEs.
Low-score SPEs imply SPEs which conform to specific subjective
criteria. Thus it is a lower score overall than High-score SPEs which
just require the experient to subjectively perceive the specific
experience as of paranormal kind.
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Veridical Dreams: not symbolic, not intuitive, plus alleged awareness
of content of dream prior to knowing of its occurrence in reality.
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Simultaneous Dreams: allegedly reflects directly in many details a
dream another person had, plus claimed confirmation with that person.
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General ESP: non-symbolic, not intuitive, claimed awareness of
content prior to knowing of the occurrence in reality.
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Mediumship: trance state with loss of consciousness, claimed by
subject that he obtained information that was regarded by sitters as evidential in
a factual, non-symbolic sense.
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Presences: clear visualization with descriptive details as opposed to
just 'sensing' or being aware or just an unclear distortion.
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Out-of-body Experiences: feeling completely outside one's body,
seeing one's own body or obtaining information about physical
events or places.
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Psychokinesis: definite claims to have manipulated, moved or
levitated physical objects, in which the change was allegedly
visualized or confirmed by the subject or another person.
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Paranormal Auras: spontaneous (non-induced), visualization as
opposed to 'sensing' or otherwise detecting.
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Paranormal Healing: specific claims of definite success in individual
cases.
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Xenoglossy: Speaking in Foreign Tongues: absence of knowledge of a
recognized language that is allegedly spoken at the rate of normal
conversation, and allegedly involves someone who has authenticated the
conversation.
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Ectoplasmic Materialization: definite claims to have produced
physical substances, recognizable as people during trance, with the
alleged authentication by others present.
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Reincarnation Memories: definite claims to have a certain knowledge
about non-important people or events acquired through alleged
memories or previous lives, occurring at a young age (less than five
years).
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Agent to ESP: the alleged awareness of others of certain facts
about the subject when the subject claimed to be in a crisis or
actively trying to communicate.
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Automatic writing: the alleged production of interpretable, legible
information, with either hand, while undertaking other tasks.
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